PostgreSQL 向量

pgvector 插件和语义向量

pgvector 是一个用于 PostgreSQL 的扩展，允许存储、索引和查询向量嵌入。向量嵌入是数据的数值表示，通常用于机器学习和自然语言处理，以在低维空间中表示文本、图像或其他高维数据。

语义向量 是一种捕捉词语、短语或句子意义的向量嵌入。这些向量使用像 word2vec、GloVe 或基于 Transformer 的模型（如 BERT）创建。然后，这些向量可以用来根据其语义内容测量不同文本片段之间的相似性。

测试 pgvector 插件

1.安装了 pgvector 插件.

2.启用 pgvector 插件.

CREATE EXTENSION vector;
  1. 如果命令执行成功，您应该会看到一条消息说明扩展已创建。
  2. 为了验证扩展是否成功启用，您可以运行以下查询：
SELECT * FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'vector';

如果返回一行结果，说明扩展已成功启用。 5. 您还可以尝试创建一个使用 vector 类型的表来进一步确认：

CREATE TABLE vector_test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, v vector(3));

如果这个命令执行成功，说明 vector 类型现在可用了。

余弦相似度

什么是余弦相似度 余弦相似度用来计算两个向量之间的相似度.余弦相似度的值越大，两个向量越相似。具体来说：

  • 余弦相似度为 1：表示两个向量完全相同。
  • 余弦相似度为 0：表示两个向量正交（没有相似性）。
  • 余弦相似度为-1：表示两个向量完全相反。

余弦相似度越大（越接近 1），表示两个向量越相似；越小（越接近-1），表示两个向量越不相似或相反。

余弦相似度公式

  1. 余弦相似度的定义：

[ \text{cosine_similarity} = \frac{\vec{A} \cdot \vec{B}}{|\vec{A}| |\vec{B}|} ]

其中，(\vec{A} \cdot \vec{B}) 是向量的点积，(|\vec{A}|) 和 (|\vec{B}|) 分别是向量 (\vec{A}) 和 (\vec{B}) 的范数。

  1. 值域和含义：
  • 1：完全相似
  • 0：完全不相似（正交）
  • -1：完全相反

因此，余弦相似度越接近 1，表示两个向量越相似，而不是越小越相似。

使用 PostgreSQL 和 pgvector 扩展来计算两个嵌入向量的余弦相似度

在 PostgreSQL 中，使用 pgvector 扩展可以方便地进行向量存储和相似度计算。以下是一个详细的步骤指南，展示如何使用 PostgreSQL 和 pgvector 扩展来计算两个嵌入向量的余弦相似度。

1. 安装 pgvector 扩展

首先，确保已安装 pgvector 扩展。如果尚未安装，可以在 PostgreSQL 中运行以下命令：

CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector;

2. 创建表并存储向量

创建一个表来存储向量：

CREATE TABLE embeddings (
    id serial PRIMARY KEY,
    embedding vector(3) -- 这里假设向量的维度是3
);

然后插入一些向量数据：

INSERT INTO embeddings (embedding) VALUES
    ('[1, 2, 3]'),
    ('[4, 5, 6]');

3. 计算向量距离

使用 pgvector 提供的函数来计算向量距离。以下是一个示例查询，计算两个向量之间的向量距离：

SELECT
    id,
    embedding,
    (embedding <=> '[1, 2, 3]') AS cosine_similarity -- 计算与向量 [1, 2, 3] 的余弦相似度
FROM
    embeddings
ORDER BY
    cosine_similarity;

4.计算余弦相似度

假设我们有两个嵌入向量，并希望计算它们之间的余弦相似度：

WITH input_vector AS (
    SELECT '[1, 2, 3]'::vector(3) AS embedding
)
SELECT
    e.id,
    e.embedding,
    (1 - (e.embedding <=> iv.embedding)) AS cosine_similarity -- 计算余弦相似度
FROM
    embeddings e,
    input_vector iv
ORDER BY
    cosine_similarity DESC;

在这个示例中：

  • WITH input_vector AS (...) 子查询定义了我们要比较的输入向量。
  • e.embedding <=> iv.embedding 计算向量之间的距离，这里使用的是pgvector 的相似度操作符。
  • 1 - (e.embedding <=> iv.embedding) 计算余弦相似度，因为 pgvector 提供的相似度值越大，表示距离越小，所以这里用 1 - 来转换为余弦相似度。

在使用 pgvector 扩展时， <=> 操作符确实计算的是向量之间的余弦距离，而不是直接计算余弦相似度。因此，余弦相似度可以通过 1 减去余弦距离来得到。

professors 向量化和查询 示例

1.修改表结构添加向量字段

我们将为 name、description 和 remark 添加三个向量字段，每个字段的维度为 1536，并添加一个字段记录是否已经完成向量。

CREATE TABLE rumi_sjsu_professors(
  id BIGINT NOT NULL,
  name VARCHAR(256),
  department VARCHAR(256),
  job_title VARCHAR(256),
  email VARCHAR(256),
  description TEXT,
  files JSON,
  remark VARCHAR(256),
  name_vector VECTOR(1536),
  description_vector VECTOR(1536),
  remark_vector VECTOR(1536),
  vectors_completed BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
  creator VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
  create_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  updater VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT '',
  update_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  deleted SMALLINT DEFAULT 0,
  tenant_id BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

2. 数据插入示例

以下是三个包含向量数据的示例插入语句：

-- 示例1
INSERT INTO rumi_sjsu_professors (
  id, name, department, job_title, email, description, files, remark, name_vector, description_vector, remark_vector, vectors_completed
) VALUES (
  1,
  'Dr. John Doe',
  'Computer Science',
  'Professor',
  'jdoe@sjsu.edu',
  'Expert in artificial intelligence and machine learning.',
  '{"resume": "link_to_resume.pdf"}',
  'Well-known researcher',
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  TRUE
);

-- 示例2
INSERT INTO rumi_sjsu_professors (
  id, name, department, job_title, email, description, files, remark, name_vector, description_vector, remark_vector, vectors_completed
) VALUES (
  2,
  'Dr. Jane Smith',
  'Mathematics',
  'Associate Professor',
  'jsmith@sjsu.edu',
  'Specializes in algebraic topology and number theory.',
  '{"cv": "link_to_cv.pdf"}',
  'Renowned academic',
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  TRUE
);

-- 示例3
INSERT INTO rumi_sjsu_professors (
  id, name, department, job_title, email, description, files, remark, name_vector, description_vector, remark_vector, vectors_completed
) VALUES (
  3,
  'Dr. Emily Zhang',
  'Physics',
  'Assistant Professor',
  'ezhang@sjsu.edu',
  'Researcher in quantum mechanics and particle physics.',
  '{"portfolio": "link_to_portfolio.pdf"}',
  'Emerging scientist',
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]',  -- 1536维向量
  TRUE
);

3. 计算相似度的 SQL 查询

以下 SQL 查询计算输入向量与 name_vector、description_vector 和 remark_vector 字段的相似度，并检索出相似度最高的三条记录。

SELECT
  id,
  name,
  department,
  job_title,
  email,
  description,
  remark,
  (1-(name_vector <=> input_vector)) AS name_similarity,
  (1-(description_vector <=> input_vector)) AS description_similarity,
  (1-(remark_vector <=> input_vector)) AS remark_similarity
FROM
  rumi_sjsu_professors,
  LATERAL (
    VALUES (
      ARRAY[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]::VECTOR(1536) -- 替换为实际输入向量
    )
  ) AS input(input_vector)
ORDER BY
  GREATEST(
    name_vector <=> input_vector,
    description_vector <=> input_vector,
    remark_vector <=> input_vector
  ) DESC
LIMIT 3;

增加 where 查询 在 SQL 中，不能直接在 WHERE 子句中引用 SELECT 列表中的别名（如 name_similarity、description_similarity、remark_similarity），因为 WHERE 子句在 SELECT 子句之前执行。因此，你需要在 WHERE 子句中重新计算这些相似度值。

SELECT
  id,
  name,
  department,
  job_title,
  email,
  description,
  remark,
  (1 - (name_vector <=> input_vector)) AS name_similarity,
  (1 - (description_vector <=> input_vector)) AS description_similarity,
  (1 - (remark_vector <=> input_vector)) AS remark_similarity
FROM
  rumi_sjsu_professors,
  LATERAL (
    VALUES (
      ARRAY[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]::VECTOR(1536) -- 替换为实际输入向量
    )
  ) AS input(input_vector)
WHERE
  (1 - (name_vector <=> input_vector)) > 0.9
  OR (1 - (description_vector <=> input_vector)) > 0.9
  OR (1 - (remark_vector <=> input_vector)) > 0.9
ORDER BY
  GREATEST(
    1 - (name_vector <=> input_vector),
    1 - (description_vector <=> input_vector),
    1 - (remark_vector <=> input_vector)
  ) DESC
LIMIT 3;

4.优化建议

  • 索引: 在向量字段上创建索引以提高相似度搜索的性能。
  • 批处理: 如果向量计算较为耗时，考虑使用批处理来更新向量字段。
  • 缓存: 对于频繁查询的向量使用缓存以减少计算时间。
  • 监控: 设置监控以跟踪查询性能并进行优化。

使用代码操作向量数据库

1. 使用代码插入数据

如何使用代码代替上面的 INSERT INTO rumi_sjsu_professors 语句

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.postgresql.util.PGobject;

import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Db;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record;
import com.litongjava.open.chat.config.DbConfig;
import com.litongjava.openai.client.OpenAiClient;
import com.litongjava.openai.constants.OpenAiModels;
import com.litongjava.openai.embedding.EmbeddingRequestVo;
import com.litongjava.openai.embedding.EmbeddingResponseVo;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.environment.EnvUtils;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
public class SjsuProfessorsTest {

  @Test
  public void testInsertDrEmilyZhang() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();

    int id = 3;
    String name = "Dr. Emily Zhang";
    String description = "Researcher in quantum mechanics and particle physics.";
    String remark = "Emerging scientist";

    Record record = new Record();
    record.set("id", id).set("name", name).set("department", "Physics").set("job_title", "Associate Professor")
        .set("email", "ezhang@sjsu.edu").set("description", description).set("remark", remark);

    setNameVector(name, record);
    setDescriptionVector(description, record);
    setRemarkVector(remark, record);

    record.setTableName("rumi_sjsu_professors");
    boolean save = Db.save(record);
    if (save) {
      log.info("success");
    }

  }

  @Test
  public void testInsertDrJaneSmith() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();

    int id = 2;
    String name = "Dr. Jane Smith";
    String description = "Specializes in algebraic topology and number theory.";
    String remark = "Renowned academic";

    Record record = new Record();
    record.set("id", id).set("name", name).set("department", "Mathematics").set("job_title", "Associate Professor")
        .set("email", "jsmith@sjsu.edu").set("description", description).set("remark", remark);

    setNameVector(name, record);
    setDescriptionVector(description, record);
    setRemarkVector(remark, record);

    record.setTableName("rumi_sjsu_professors");
    boolean save = Db.save(record);
    if (save) {
      log.info("success");
    }

  }

  @Test
  public void testInsertByRecord() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();

    String name = "Dr. John Doe";
    String description = "Expert in artificial intelligence and machine learning.";
    String remark = "Well-known researcher";

    Record record = new Record();
    record.set("id", 1).set("name", name).set("department", "Computer Science").set("job_title", "Professor")
        .set("email", "jdoe@sjsu.edu").set("description", description).set("remark", remark);

    setNameVector(name, record);
    setDescriptionVector(description, record);
    setRemarkVector(remark, record);

    record.setTableName("rumi_sjsu_professors");
    boolean save = Db.save(record);
    if (save) {
      log.info("success");
    }
  }

  private void setRemarkVector(String description, Record record) {
    PGobject nameVector = getPgVector(description);
    record.set("remark_vector", nameVector);
  }

  private void setDescriptionVector(String description, Record record) {
    PGobject nameVector = getPgVector(description);
    record.set("description_vector", nameVector);
  }

  private void setNameVector(String name, Record record) {
    PGobject nameVector = getPgVector(name);
    record.set("name_vector", nameVector);
  }

  private PGobject getPgVector(String description) {
    EmbeddingRequestVo reoVo = new EmbeddingRequestVo(description, OpenAiModels.text_embedding_3_small);
    EmbeddingResponseVo respVo = OpenAiClient.embeddings(reoVo);
    Float[] embedding = respVo.getData().get(0).getEmbedding();
    String vectorString = Arrays.toString(embedding);

    // 使用PGobject来设置vector类型
    PGobject nameVector = new PGobject();
    nameVector.setType("vector");
    try {
      nameVector.setValue(vectorString);
    } catch (SQLException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return nameVector;
  }
}

插入其他的数据示例省略

2.查询数据

输出结果如下,为了方便展示,我省略了 vector 的 value 部分

import org.junit.Test;

import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Db;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record;
import com.litongjava.open.chat.config.DbConfig;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.environment.EnvUtils;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.json.JsonUtils;

public class SjsuProfessorsQueryTest {

  @Test
  public void testQuery() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();
    int id = 3;
    Record record = Db.findById("rumi_sjsu_professors", "id", id);
    String json = JsonUtils.toJson(record.toMap());
    System.out.println(json);
  }

}


{
  "id": 3,
  "name": "Dr. Emily Zhang",
  "department": "Physics",
  "job_title": "Associate Professor",
  "email": "ezhang@sjsu.edu",
  "description": "Researcher in quantum mechanics and particle physics.",
  "remark": "Emerging scientist",
  "name_vector": [],
  "description_vector": [],
  "remark_vector": {
    "value": "[]",
    "type": "vector",
    "null": true
  },
  "vectors_completed": false,
  "creator": "",
  "create_time": "2024-07-03 23:29:44",
  "updater": "",
  "update_time": "2024-07-03 23:29:44",
  "deleted": 0,
  "tenant_id": 0
}

3. Java 向量查询

在 Java 中使用余弦相似度进行查询，并将输入向量传递给 SQL 查询.

  1. 确保 PostgreSQL 数据库已配置好 pgvector 扩展：
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector;
  1. 创建包含向量的表：
CREATE TABLE vector_test (
   id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
   name TEXT,
   embedding VECTOR(1536)
);
  1. 在 Java 中构建查询并传递向量参数：

可以使用 PreparedStatement 来构建和执行查询。以下是一个示例代码，展示如何将向量传递给 SQL 查询并执行查询。

package com.litongjava.open.chat.model;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;

import com.litongjava.open.chat.config.DbConfig;
import com.litongjava.openai.client.OpenAiClient;
import com.litongjava.openai.constants.OpenAiModels;
import com.litongjava.openai.embedding.EmbeddingRequestVo;
import com.litongjava.openai.embedding.EmbeddingResponseVo;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.dsn.DbDSNParser;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.dsn.JdbcInfo;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.environment.EnvUtils;

public class VectorSearchTest {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
    // 示例输入
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();
    String question = "Jane Smith";
    EmbeddingRequestVo reoVo = new EmbeddingRequestVo(question, OpenAiModels.text_embedding_3_small);
    EmbeddingResponseVo respVo = OpenAiClient.embeddings(reoVo);
    Float[] embedding = respVo.getData().get(0).getEmbedding();

    // 转换嵌入向量为 SQL 可用的字符串
    String vectorString = Arrays.toString(embedding);

    String dsn = EnvUtils.get("DATABASE_DSN");

    JdbcInfo jdbc = new DbDSNParser().parse(dsn);

    // PostgreSQL 连接配置
    String url = jdbc.getUrl();
    String user = jdbc.getUser();
    String password = jdbc.getPswd();

    // SQL 查询
    String sql = "SELECT * FROM vector_test ORDER BY embedding <=> ? LIMIT 10";

    try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

      // 设置向量参数
      pstmt.setObject(1, vectorString, java.sql.Types.OTHER);

      // 执行查询
      try (ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery()) {
        while (rs.next()) {
          // 处理查询结果
          int id = rs.getInt("id");
          String name = rs.getString("name");
          // 继续处理其他字段
          System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

解释：

  1. 获取嵌入向量：

    • 调用 OpenAiClient.embeddings 函数来获取输入问题的嵌入向量。

  2. 转换嵌入向量：

    • 将 Java 中的数组转换为 PostgreSQL 可用的 [] 格式字符串。

  3. 建立数据库连接和执行查询：

    • 使用 DriverManager 来建立数据库连接。
    • 使用 PreparedStatement 来构建和执行查询，并传递向量参数。
    • 处理查询结果。

4. 使用 Db 工具类进行向量查询

package com.litongjava.open.chat.model;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Db;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.template.SqlTemplates;
import com.litongjava.open.chat.config.SqlTplsConfig;
import com.litongjava.open.chat.config.DbConfig;
import com.litongjava.openai.client.OpenAiClient;
import com.litongjava.openai.constants.OpenAiModels;
import com.litongjava.openai.embedding.EmbeddingRequestVo;
import com.litongjava.openai.embedding.EmbeddingResponseVo;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.environment.EnvUtils;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.json.JsonUtils;

public class SjsuProfessorsSearchTest {

  @Test
  public void searchTest() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();
    new SqlTplsConfig().config();
    String question = "Jane Smith";
    EmbeddingRequestVo reoVo = new EmbeddingRequestVo(question, OpenAiModels.text_embedding_3_small);
    EmbeddingResponseVo respVo = OpenAiClient.embeddings(reoVo);
    Float[] embedding = respVo.getData().get(0).getEmbedding();
    String string = Arrays.toString(embedding);

    String sql = SqlTemplates.get("professor.vector_search");

    List<Record> records = Db.find(sql, string, string, string, string, string, string);
    String json = JsonUtils.toJson(records);
    System.out.println(json);
  }
}

String sql = SqlTemplates.get("professor.vector_search"); 返回的 sql 语句如下

SELECT
  id,
  name,
  department,
  job_title,
  email,
  description,
  remark,
  (1-(name_vector <=> ?)) AS name_similarity,
  (1-(description_vector <=> ?)) AS description_similarity,
  (1-(remark_vector <=> ?)) AS remark_similarity
FROM
  rumi_sjsu_professors
ORDER BY
  GREATEST(
    1-(name_vector <=> ?),
    1-(description_vector <=> ?),
    1-(remark_vector <=> ?)
  ) DESC
LIMIT 3;

5. 合并查询参数

在上面的示例中 6 个查询参数都是相同的,能否合并为一个查询参数

SELECT
  id,
  name,
  department,
  job_title,
  email,
  description,
  remark,
  (1-(name_vector <=> ?)) AS name_similarity,
  (1-(description_vector <=> ?)) AS description_similarity,
  (1-(remark_vector <=> ?)) AS remark_similarity
FROM
  rumi_sjsu_professors,
  LATERAL (
    VALUES (
      ?::VECTOR(1536)
    )
  ) AS input(input_vector)
ORDER BY
  GREATEST(
    1-(name_vector <=> ?),
    1-(description_vector <=> ?),
    1-(remark_vector <=> ?)
  ) DESC
LIMIT 3;

查询时只用传入一个参数

List<Record> records = Db.find(sql, string);

SQL 语句解释: 这个 SQL 语句是在进行向量相似度搜索。它从 rumi_sjsu_professors 表中选择数据,并计算输入向量与表中存储的向量之间的相似度。

  • 选择字段包括 id, name, department, job_title, email, description, remark。
  • 计算输入向量与 name_vector, description_vector, remark_vector 的相似度。
  • 使用 LATERAL 子句创建一个临时的输入向量。
  • 按最大相似度降序排序。
  • 限制返回前 3 条结果。

<==> 运算符:

  • <==> 是 PostgreSQL 中用于计算向量距离的运算符。它返回两个向量之间的余弦距离。值越小表示向量越相似。
  • 1 - 余弦距离,得到的是余弦相似度

6. db 工具类存储向量 和 查询向量示例

CREATE TABLE rumi_embedding (id bigint PRIMARY KEY,t text, v vector(1536));

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.postgresql.util.PGobject;

import com.litongjava.data.utils.SnowflakeIdUtils;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Db;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Record;
import com.litongjava.jfinal.plugin.utils.PgVectorUtils;
import com.litongjava.open.chat.config.DbConfig;
import com.litongjava.openai.client.OpenAiClient;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.environment.EnvUtils;
import com.litongjava.tio.utils.json.JsonUtils;

public class VectorTest {

  @Test
  public void testSave() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();
    long id = SnowflakeIdUtils.id();

    String name = "Dr. John Doe";
    Float[] embeddingArray = OpenAiClient.embeddingArray(name);
    PGobject pgVector = PgVectorUtils.getPgVector(Arrays.toString(embeddingArray));
    Record record = new Record().set("t", name).set("v", pgVector).set("id", id).setTableName("rumi_embedding");
    Db.save(record);
  }

  @Test
  public void testQuery() {
    EnvUtils.load();
    new DbConfig().config();
    String sql = "select * from rumi_embedding";
    List<Record> records = Db.find(sql);
    List<Map<String, Object>> collect = records.stream().map((e) -> e.toMap()).collect(Collectors.toList());
    String json = JsonUtils.toJson(collect);
    System.out.println(json);
  }
}

output

[{"id":398392108312608768,"t":"Dr. John Doe","v":"[0.016610185,-0.010182072,-0.0007115674,0.030582452,0.0014376289,-0.042989362,0.0058700917,0.01898721,-0.040525373,-0.06777419,0.040989183,-0.023726765,-0.008565986,0.013827327,0.0125373565,0.024596408,-0.03901799,-0.012877966,-0.017218936,0.04638097,0.009892192,0.020436615,0.051106032,-0.07919551,-0.023915188,-0.010290778,0.044148885,-0.021436704,0.021697598,0.009848709,0.040612336,-0.008551491,0.021436704,0.0265676,-0.0185234,-0.0052613416,0.012117028,0.0107835755,0.025915368,-0.031133227,0.031423107,-0.045830198,-0.019219115,0.0039351354,0.0041380525,-0.025219653,0.011334349,-0.013030154,0.06000538,0.029669328,-0.021567151,0.008913843,0.02210343,0.050207403,-0.028161945,0.03324936,0.011885123,-0.020581556,0.027263314,-0.019711912,0.01805959,-0.015813012,-0.030553464,0.0029875867,-0.010493695,-0.008029706,-0.008326834,0.004572874,0.0045547565,-0.017436346,0.0017900156,0.0714267,-0.038641147,0.025799414,0.0041380525,-0.03264061,-0.010971999,0.027799595,-0.044177875,0.023219474,0.009587816,0.028611261,-8.7403105e-06,-0.012088041,-0.0048156492,-0.006091126,-0.027350279,-0.007957235,-0.005399035,-0.049250793,-0.0044061923,-0.0070114983,-0.053946868,0.013479469,-0.004286616,-0.0018144744,0.020581556,0.0070984624,0.025915368,-0.029205518,-0.006529571,-0.013464975,0.022552747,0.033974063,-0.0045076506,0.01630581,-0.014334619,-0.022480277,-0.02474135,0.020103252,-0.008594974,0.0055874577,-0.0011894183,-0.024929771,-0.06899169,-0.003313703,-0.009971908,0.0056309397,-0.03536549,-0.038351264,-0.032727573,0.014385348,0.026132777,-0.048613057,0.015668072,0.0238862,-0.02810397,-0.008660197,-0.08087682,-0.015842,0.04365609,-0.037539598,-0.00025726945,-0.017045006,-0.033307336,0.03640906,-0.0036615601,-0.0034423377,-0.025582004,-0.011254633,0.008573232,0.032698583,0.01335627,0.0031886918,0.043076325,-0.021567151,0.0022954957,0.02832138,0.029509893,0.040989183,-0.01669715,0.033597216,-0.01716096,0.013921538,-0.047047697,-0.011385079,0.0667886,0.026886469,-0.007051357,0.04365609,-0.0039568767,-0.013928785,0.008392056,-0.0061708433,-0.037278704,0.0728761,0.027625665,-0.073223956,-0.036525015,0.047105674,-0.010211061,0.025089206,-0.00892109,0.0059027034,-0.041539956,0.04029347,0.013146106,-0.019566972,-0.0052142357,0.009015301,0.0263212,0.04406192,0.02527763,-0.006203455,0.012247475,-0.05388889,-0.05113502,-0.0025944356,0.031915907,0.0077253305,0.045540314,-0.0009819721,0.048294187,0.023523849,-0.022291854,-0.017102983,-0.017349381,0.014523041,0.026582094,-0.02817644,-0.022393312,-0.028263405,0.032031856,-0.047801387,-0.0035800312,-0.024915278,0.01240691,0.009921179,0.037249718,-0.073513836,0.110328734,-0.0056707985,0.01691456,0.0031361508,-0.024263045,-0.03858317,-0.008508009,0.012530109,0.04452573,-0.024451468,-0.008899349,0.0394818,0.002822717,0.04287341,0.050294366,-0.00818914,0.009892192,-0.022871615,-0.00610562,-0.013805586,0.004065582,0.028437333,0.01952349,-0.026190754,-0.015450661,0.004623603,-0.005859221,-0.016958043,0.019349562,0.008747161,-0.013305541,-0.022320842,-0.009247206,0.01866834,0.007790554,-0.0058193626,-0.037713528,-0.08522503,0.013834574,0.031307153,-0.0057541393,-0.028509803,0.0740936,-0.003150645,-0.017363876,0.016334798,-0.022393312,-0.014269396,0.018030602,-0.0061780903,0.020407626,-0.008058693,-0.0018180978,0.0086746905,-0.05820812,0.028147452,0.010863293,-0.026509624,0.0077543184,0.06046919,0.011885123,0.001228371,0.023451379,0.037423644,-0.06655669,0.0072542736,0.027466232,0.025625486,-0.030350547,-0.02793004,-0.011986583,0.050120436,0.02037864,-0.015175274,-0.032843526,-0.032234773,0.02113233,0.025045725,-0.055918057,-0.002985775,0.021088848,-0.050352342,0.009841463,-0.029828763,-0.026277719,-0.024857301,0.005428023,-0.038351264,-0.01382008,0.0141317025,0.015885482,0.059657525,-0.019219115,0.040815253,-0.02810397,0.06586098,0.005217859,-0.043308232,0.017450841,-0.02137873,-0.013747609,0.0358293,0.0084427865,0.019494502,-0.00058247976,-0.036930848,-0.0013144294,0.013030154,-0.02227736,-0.006783217,-0.034437872,-0.044351805,-0.008283352,-0.02710388,-0.00449678,0.033307336,0.04530841,-0.012240228,0.038989004,-0.006337525,0.007080345,-0.027045904,-0.022915099,-0.0111024445,-0.018624859,0.02793004,-0.01913215,0.04469966,0.003782948,0.02756769,-0.035423465,0.024625396,0.0140085025,-0.023118015,0.021103341,0.013950527,0.028408345,-0.025132688,-0.013936033,0.017045006,-0.018929234,0.02495876,-0.030814357,0.0147477,-0.031568047,0.023784742,0.029234506,-0.022262866,0.0112618795,0.007834036,0.0015599225,0.023335425,0.02724882,0.07623872,0.0075296606,0.04901889,-0.048033293,-0.023770247,0.010544424,0.010609647,0.022262866,0.039568767,-0.016943548,0.069803365,-0.029741798,0.02739376,-0.056410857,0.039626744,0.01147929,0.033945072,0.01805959,0.03429293,0.046265017,-0.048294187,-0.00784853,0.016537715,0.003007516,0.022407807,-0.0054678814,-0.022610724,0.03600323,0.0023806482,0.040177517,-0.019291585,-0.0621505,-0.0030709275,-0.012153264,0.08655848,0.005598328,-0.008696432,0.04182984,-0.004333722,8.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7.直接查询获取向量对象 PGobject

String sql = "select v from rumi_embedding where t=?";
PGobject pGobject = Db.queryFirst(sql, text);
if (pGobject != null) {
  v = pGobject.getValue();
}